The physical environment generally includes land, air, water, plants and animals, buildings and other infrastructure, and all of the natural resources that provide our basic needs and opportunities for social and economic development.

The term Sociology originated from two words: Socius which is Latin, and means sharing in a group or companionship and Logos which is Greek, meaning reasoning or science. When these words and their interpretations were combined, three meanings emerged as follows...

The course in Comparative Education prepares learners to assume leadership roles in a wide range of social and educational settings, thus its interdisciplinary approach. It emphasises the acquisition of a broad understanding of educational institutions, systems, their programmes and curricula while at the same time stressing the understanding of historical and contemporary issues, the cultural, socio-economic, technological and political aspects of educational development and change.

Econometrics is the social science that applies the tools of economic theory, mathematics and statistical inference to analyze economic phenomena and to estimate causal relationships among variables i.e. how a change in one variable affects the other. Thus, econometrics combines economic theory, mathematics and statistics.

Comparative education is a discipline within the field of education. Its main purpose is to enlighten the teacher trainee on issues of educational systems in other countries with a view of broadening their perspective on educational problems and attempted solution.

The term human growth and development both refer to dynamic process which is often interchangeably used. They however have different meaning and are therefore interdependent but interrelated. Normally growth takes place with in the first 20 years whereas development continues after that.

Purpose of the Course; To study concepts of climate, geomorphology and land classification relative to resources management. Study the various wildlife interactions in various environment, and the ethnological thinking and approach with a view of understanding the causation, function, and ontogeny and evolution of behaviour in animals.

Uundaji wa maneno ni ujenzi au uzalishaji au utengenezaji wa maneno mapya. Uundaji wa maneno mapya husaidia kuongeza msamiati katika lugha ili kukidhi mahitaji ya mawasiliano. Uundaji wa maneno mapya husababishwa na mabadiliko ya kiuchumi, kisiasa na kiutamaduni na maendeleo ya kisayansi yanayotokea katika jamii.

Biopsychology, the scientific study of the biology of behavior and mental processes. People also refer to this field as biological psychology, psychobiology, behavioral biology, or behavioral neuroscience.

Hamna shaka kuwa tafsiri ni nguzo muhimu ya, mahusiano, mawasiliano na maelewano ya jamii bayana na jamii ya kimataifa. Mitaala ya lugha, kwa hivyo, yawajibika kuandaa kozi za tafsiri. Kozi hii itakuwa ya kitangulizi. Madhumuni yake ni kuweka msingi wa masomo zamilifu zaidi, kinadharia, kitendaji, kitumikizi, kwa eneo pana zaidi la tafsiri.

Kozi hii ya mbinu za utafiti inajadili mbinu za kufanyia utafiti katika nyanja za lugha na fasihi. Ni kozi inayokusudiwa kumtayarisha mwanafunzi kufanya kazi yoyote ya utafiti na kujua jinsi ya kukabiliana na changamoto zinazomkumba mtafiti.

This course surveys in historically and theoretically informed fashion the role of various international institutions in international relations. It addresses the fundamental question of the contribution of international institutions to world order. The course first traces the historical evolution of international organizations before turning to international institutions since World War II.

The main purpose of this booklet is to help candidates preparing for the KASNEB examination to make the best use of the last few weeks before the examination.

Statistics which is a branch of mathematics is used by economists to transform raw data from the real world into numerical generalizations. Such generalizations are used by economists to construct a network of interlocking relationships which enable them to draw conclusions about economic variables that are related to each other only directly.

The purpose of intermediate microeconomic theory is to provide an adequate exposition of the basic concepts and techniques of microeconomic analysis. The consumer and producer theory and the theory of markets will be treated mathematically and diagrammatically. Further, pure aspects of general equilibrium theory and welfare economics will be covered.

In this unit you will be introduced to the major macroeconomic theory paying attention to their applicability in different settings of developing countries. The general objectives of this unit may be summarized as follows: Explain the meaning of macroeconomic models. Detect strengths and weaknesses of macroeconomic models. Explain how macroeconomic models may be used for proper management of an economy. Teach macroeconomics after your degree course; and Prepare yourself for more advance studies in economic theory.

Distinguish between a finance lease and an operating lease indicating how they should be treated in the financial statements as per International Accounting Standard (IAS) 17 'Leases'

This course introduces you to science and technology as social institutions and systems of knowledge production. We will take a sociological look at the process by which knowledge is collectively produced by communities and societies and how this knowledge is used.

The purpose of intermediate microeconomic theory is to provide an adequate exposition of the basic concepts and techniques of microeconomic analysis. The consumer and producer theory and the theory of markets will be treated mathematically and diagrammatically. Further, pure aspects of general equilibrium theory and welfare economics will be covered.

Spatial organization refers to the arrangement of physical and human objects on the Earth's surface. In this course, we look at how the environment is arranged, how the environment affects man, how man adapts to the environment, how culture is developed and finally how man can conserve the environment.