Citrus fruits like Mango lemon, limes, oranges, watermelon, and grapefruit have the highest concentration of citric acid giving which is produced from their juice, these fruits are sweet and tangy flavor. Citric acid is natural component of fruits. The main aim for study was the determination of the amount of citric acid in Mango peels fruit obtained from local market. Also the percentage content in the fruit juice, titration method was used to carry out an experiment. Sodium hydroxide was acted as a base undergoing neutralization process in presence of an acid to fulfill the project. During the process of titration, the average volume of sodium hydroxide used, the number of moles of sodium hydroxide and citric acid, unknown concentration used, and standard solution were obtained. Also the percentage content of citric acid (mango juice) was obtained.

The study determined the effect of employee soft skills on customer service in fast food operation in Kisii County; it was a descriptive survey research in which 5 specific objectives. 5 research questions and 5 research hypotheses guided the study. The researcher purposively uses 135 employees of fast food establishment as its sample size. The research instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire on a 4 point scale of preference, which was subjected to a reliability test that produce a reliability coefficient of 0.81, proving the usability of the instrument. Convenience or accessibility sampling technique was used in the administration of the instrument, Descriptive and Inferential statistics on SPSS version 25was used to analyze the data generated. Findings revealed that there is no significant relationship between teamwork as a dimension of employee soft skills and customer service of fast food establishments in Kisii County. Secondly, there is a significant relationship between problem solving as a dimension of employee soft skills and customer service of fast food establishment in Kisii County. There is significant relationship between communication as a dimension of employee soft skills and customer service of fast food establishment in Kisii County. Next, there is no significant relationship between critical thinking as a dimension of employee soft skills and customer service of fast food establishment in Kisii County. Finally, there is no significant relationship between emotional intelligence as a dimension of employee soft skills and customer service of fast food establishment in Kisii County. Following the positive but insignificant relationship between team work as a dimensionof employee soft skill and customer service, the study recommended that human resource departments should design operations to emphasize and educate employee on the importance of team work.

The influence of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in 4-star hotels in Nairobi County, Kenya has been a major importance in the hospitality industry. Service quality as seen is a major factor that contributes to customer satisfaction in the hotel industry since excellent service quality will bring about the satisfaction of their guests thus the brand of the hotel will be improved by the satisfaction of their guests. Service quality is also a major factor to which contributes to the loyalty of a guest since the customer will be satisfied and will definitely visit the hotel occasionally since the service quality of the hotel is good and professional thus the customers will talk to other to other potential customers about the quality of service of the hotel and they were treated as well as how they enjoyed their experience in the hotel. This then will improve the appearance of the hotel and increase the brand status of the hotel. We see the relationship of service quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and the various theories as well as the different models that display the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty

The research work evaluated customer’s perceived risk and online bookings of hotels in Kisii Town. It was a descriptive survey research in which 4 specific objectives, 4 research questions and 4 research hypotheses guided the study. The researchers purposively use 18 hotels in Kisii Town as its case study and 384 as its sample size. The research instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire on a 5 point rating scale, which was subjected to a reliability test that produce a reliability coefficient of 0.853, descriptive and inferential statistics on SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data generated. Findings revealed that there is no significant relationship between financial risk and online booing of hotels in Kisii Town and there is a significant relationship between financial risk and online booking of hotels in Kisii Town . Secondly, there is no significant relationship between security risk and online booking of hotels in Kisii Town and there is a significant relationship between security risk and online booking of hotels in Kisii Town . Thirdly, there is no significant relationship between social risk and online booking of hotels in Kisii Town and there is a relationship between social risk and online booking of hotels in Kisii Town . Following the positive and insignificant relationship between online booking as a dimension of customer’s perceived risk, the study recommended that in booking of hotels online, customers should look out for secured and registered sites to avoid loss of money and other financial details and hotel owners introducing online platforms should also make sure that their sites are secured from intruders in other to protect their customers.

general objective of the study was to establish the factors affecting e-procurement in tea processing factories and it was guided by the following objectives; to establish the extent to which system security affects e-procurement implementation, to find out the extent to which cost affects e-procurement implementation, to determine the extent to which legal requirements affects e-procurement implementation in Tea Processing Factories In Nyamira County. This study employed a case study research design to assess e-procurement implementation in Tea Processing Factories in Nyamira County. This study targeted 50 individuals from Tea Processing Factories in Nyamira County. The heads of procurement and stores department and employees among other departments which work with procurement function will be targeted. This study adopted a stratified sampling technique whereby the researcher will carry out a simple random selection of five respondents from the procurement departments and 5 from given sections in finance, marketing and production functions giving a sample size of 40. From the findings it was revealed that; Legal protection of confidential information and the ability to authenticate and enforce electronic contracts were clearly the most cited challenges. Lack of support from the existing legal infrastructure and means for protecting and safeguarding business interest legally while using electronic platform was also seen to be a key challenge. This is clearly corroborated by the fact that currently the ICT policy in existence has not fully created a supportive legal framework where related issues are addressed. The integration of suppliers into a seamless procurement platform as a key objective of any e-procurement system was also noted. Notably internet connectivity and system integration with those of suppliers were key impediments. Lack of trained personnel and necessary support hardware were still key impediments just as was in the case of cost consideration. I recommend that, Supplier enablement to be considered since it might be a component that requires both the firms and its suppliers to work together and create a system that is efficient and mutually integrated. It is Is recommendation as well that both the company should look at a means of working together as a team and build systems that will allow easier e-procurement functionality. More so each party must solicit the support of the other either by sharing related costs, IT platform and resources. Despite internet connectivity being currently a challenge it may not last due to the advent of the fiber optic cable spreading across the country.

The study was explored single mother parenting effects on children’s wellbeing inNifasSilk Lafto sub County. The researcher has employed qualitative research approach using 11children and 13 single mothers ‘participants based on data saturation principle. A purposive non probability sampling and snowball method, semi structured interview, observation, and document analysis also integrated in the study. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings from the study revealed that social acceptance of single mother families is very low, children themselves not comfortable about it. Have Psychological make up expressed by stress, loneliness, and frustration. In other way financial problems of their mother prohibited them to express their feeling and needs. Further, the extra burden and literacy level of single mothers hindered educational support for their children which has a negative impact on school performance. The study recommended that there is a need to recognize the challenges of single mother parented children. Collaborate for integrated interventions by social workers, government, non-government organization and policy makers to enable them cope up social stigma, psychological and financial challenges.

EFFECTS OF FAMILY CONFICTS AMONG THE YOUTH IN KENYA ACASE STUDY OF KESSES CONSTITUENCY IN USIAN GISHU COUNTY Today’s families experience problems like unfaithfulness, violence, child molestation, divorce and separation. These problems experienced in families affect the youth in those families. The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of family conflicts on the academic performance and interpersonal relationships of youth in Kesses Constituency. This study employed the descriptive survey research design to determine influence of family conflicts in academic performance and interpersonal relationship of the youth under study. The target population of the study was public primary society youth in Kesses Constituency which has 47870 youths. The study was carried out among youth in churches and eight in high schools purposively selected within Kesses Constituency. The study expected to elicit useful data on the effects that family conflicts have on national performance and inter personal relationships among youth. The study findings indicate that both youth and researcher’s agreed to the fact that family conflicts affected a youth cognitive and affective growth. There was low class concentration if parents or guardians were fighting, because the youth were always thinking about the happenings at home. It was also established that a majority of youth did not share with their peers when their parents or guardians were quarrelling. More female youth were exposed to violence or abuse. The study also revealed that youth who came from families where there was conflict did not relate well with their people in the society

EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF AMARANTHS IN KIAMBU COUNTY, KENYA

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF OLD PERSONS CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMME ON THE AGED. This study was conducted in Kitutu Masa constituency, Nyamira County. The main objective of the study was established the economic impacts of old person’s cash transfer project. The purpose of this study was to provide recommendations to policy makers to improve the performance of the project. Case study design was use and a sample of 80 respondents was selected from the population using snowball sampling technique. Data was collected in the month of April using open-ended questionnaires, interview schedule and document analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive analyses technique. From the study it was discovered that the project had impacted positively on beneficiaries. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, corruption, technological problems and irregular disbursement were noticed. The study concluded and finally provided recommendations to stakeholders to scale up funding, combat corruption, use modern technology and harmonies register of beneficiaries and cover wider area.

This study will seek to find out the impact of high levels of pregnancy among teenage girls in selected secondary schools of Kisii Urban. The study will also bring out real issues of what is happening on the ground regarding the behavior of girls towards teachers in schools and suggest the way forward on ways to reduce the high levels of pregnancy. 1.3 Specific Objectives To explore and describe the factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in the selected schools. To propose recommendations to strengthen pregnancy prevention strategies that is relevant to the needs of the community and schools. To gain an insight into teen perception and attitude towards sex and pregnancy.

FACTORS INFLUENCING SCHOOL DROP OUT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN. A CASE OF SINDO LOCATION, HOMABAY COUNTY Education is an important life process that plays a vital role in forming the foundation for a student’s future better being as it equips the learning with basic knowledge skills and attitude that will enable him/her to cope well in life. In Sindo location most students who attend secondary school don’t complete secondary level of education. Despite Kenya government commitment to subsidize students education their completion rate at secondary level is not 100%. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of secondary on-going children dropout in Sindo location Homa Bay county. A descriptive survey research design was used for this study it was useful in describing the ethics even when analyzing multivariable. The target population consisted of 8 secondary schools in Sindo location. The population was there for 8 principals 64 teachers and 480 form four students. The data was analyzed by use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) programmers. The raw data from the field was summarized coded edited and computerized through synthesizing information from questionnaire by SPSS. The study concluded that income does not influence dropout among students in secondary schools. The attachment to low income is compounded by involvement in income generating activities enabling to afford basic needs, looking after young siblings and inability to pay fees. The study recommended that poverty alleviation measure should be strengthened in the society to enable all families get high income so as to maintain their children in school till completion.

EFFECTS OF STUDENTS ABSENTEEISM IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS ON ACADEMIC PERFOMANCE (A CASE STUDY IN KISII NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC IN KISII COUNTY) Absenteeism is a tendency to be away from work or school without a good reason. Absenteeism creates a dead tiresome, unpleasant classroom environment that makes students who come to class uncomfortable and the lecture irritable ( Murbuger 2001). Absenteeism disturbs the dynamic learning environment and adversely affects all well being of the students perceive that lectures do not care enough tofollow up on absences their motivation for attendances is not high. Leads to failure of most students hence lowering the university grades. According to ( Part and Kerr 1990, Romer 1993 and Folt 1996, Marburger 2001)it is widely recognized that absenteeism can negativeky impact grades in economics courses and that high attendance rates can improve student performance in variety of classroom settings (ShhetsEtal 1995, Joston and James 200)according to( Brooks 1997 as acted in bond 2004) absenteeism can be defined as persistent, habitual and unexplained absence from school. Bond noted that chronic absenteeism occurs when a student is absent without a reason. Daniel Marburger indicates that student performance is related with absenteeism.

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA SEXUAL ADVERTISEMENT ON SEXUAL RELATIONS AMONG SCHOOL GOING YOUTHS IN OYUGIS IN HOMABAY The purpose of the study was to investigate on the effects of social media sexual advertisement among school going youths more so students. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To determine how the youths in oyugis Homa-bay county use social media in their daily lives To investigate the effect of social media sexual advertisement among school going youths in oyugis Homabay county. To find out the risk that comes with social media on school going youths on Oyugis Homa-bay County.

EFFECTS OF FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION ON SCHOOL GOING GIRLS IN KURIA EAST SUB-COUNTY, MIGORI COUNTY The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the practice of female genital mutation on the schooling of a girl child in Kuria Eaast sub county. The study sought to achieve results of FGM on schooling of a girl child. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and was guided by general systems theory which states that each concept is a system (Gochmans 1968). The study targeted health administrators, school administrators, parents and girls secondary school in the sub county. The study was carried out with a target population of 95. The researcher used stratified random sampling technique to select the respondents. Questionnaires were used to obtain important information about the population. The study will provide relevant information that will help, the government to formulate and implement such policies that will support the continuity of the implementation of war against female genital mutilation on education. Further the scholars and researchers will use this study as a secondary data to review their literature.

EFFECTS OF FAMILY PLANNING AMONG SCHOOL GIRLS IN NYARIBARI MASABA SUB COUNTY, KISII COUNTY. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of family planning on social life among school going girls in Nyaribari Masaba sub county, Kisii County. The study was guided by the following objectives. To investigate the effects of family planning of young going school girls on their health in Nyaribari Masaba sub county. To determine the factors contributing to the adoption of family planning among school girls in NyaribariMasaba sub county. To suggest strategies to create awareness on the use of family planning methods among school going girls in NyaribariMasaba sub county.

EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON COLLEGE STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFOMANCE IN KISII COUNTY purpose of this study was to identify the effects of alcohol consumption and intervention measures taken to help youth who were aged between 20-26 years and unemployed in Kisii County. Literature on history of alcoholism, levels of the consumption, types of brews and characteristics of the young consumers was reviewed. The study was guided by three theories; social learning theory, symbolic interaction theory and deviance theory. Data was collected in several wards of Kisii County from among ninety College students consumers of alcohol, several key informants and case studies. Findings of the study indicated that majority of the College students were from poor homesteads and dependent on their parents for their livelihoods. Most of the youth ventured into as a result of stress notwithstanding the dangers involved in it. Peer pressure played a role in luring most of them into with hope of solving stress. The youth perceived problems related to alcoholism as health, accidents, crime, immorality, and unemployment. Intervention measures by the government, church, community, and parents to save the youth indulging in drinks had no feasible impact to the youth. There was a danger of the youth transforming into a youth culture of alcoholic addictions, leading to unproductive members of society unless adequate mitigation measures were promptly undertaken. There is need for urgent professional intervention measures including training and employment opportunities that could discourage the youth from engaging in and make them productive.

EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN’S SELF ESTEEM IN KENYENYA SUB-COUNTY, KISII COUNTY This study was carried out to find the psychological nature and consequences of domestic violence on children self-esteem their ages ranges from 0-18 years comprising of urban and rural children they were administered an index of family relation questionnaire which assesses domestic violence an index of self-esteem Pearson is analysis and chi square statistical methods were used. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between domestic violence and self-esteem revealing that children who experience domestic violence suffer suppress and diminish self-esteem there were significant difference in self-esteem between males and females children from violent and non-violent homes there was no significant difference between urban and rural children the result also found that the aftermath effect of domestic violence often leave the victims with the tendency to abuse their children and spouse violently the paper concludes that wholesome family relations will control the occurrence of domestic violence and its likely effect on children and potential victims

EFFECTS OF DIVORCE AND SEPARATION ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN IN KEUMBU SUB-COUNTY IN KISII COUNTY

CAUSES AND STRUCTURAL EFFECTS OF STUDENT ABSENTEESM AT TOMMBOYA UNIVERSITY IN KANYACHI KACHAR SUB LOCATION

Agro forestry combines trees,shrubs,forages,gresses livestock and crops in inactive,flexible combination tailored to the landowners needs. However,it is the trees and shrubs that are the foundation of any of the agroforistry practices .they occupy land for many years, taking longer to produce marketable crops than agricultural crops and long-term care thought deliberate integration with farm practices long lasting production and conservation benefits can occur simultaneously. what makes a tree appropriate for agroforistry depends with each landowners specific interest that is many trees and shrubs can be planted in configuration that will enable them to meet several objectives. For you to secret this appropriate trees and shrubs for agroforistry ,first you must make sure that the selected species the site meets its ecological requirements and also other condition like the species must be fast growing, deep rooted so that it does not compete with the companion crops for moisture drought resistant to leant