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CONCRETE MATERIALS
| Institution | College |
| Course | DIPLOMA IN CIVIL EN... |
| Year | 1st Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | stephen oyake rabilo |
| File Type | |
| Pages | 16 Pages |
| File Size | 3.6 MB |
| Views | 952 |
| Downloads | 0 |
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Description
Concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregate and water; which when fresh, forms a paste that later on sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions to form a solid (stone-like) material.
CEMENT
According to BS 12, cement is hydraulic binder (finely ground inorganic material), which when mixed with water forms a paste that sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and
processes; and which after hardening retains its strength and stability even under water.
a) Type of cement:
However there are many types of cement for different construction purposes, the most frequently used types are:
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC): used in safe environment (free from chemical attack).
Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement (SRPC): used in sulphate exposure (e.g. in sea waters, chemical industries, etc).
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NATURAL HISTORY OF INVERTEBTRATES KNEC NOTES
There are two basic groups of higher animals. They are vertebrates and invertebrates.
While both have advanced through the processes of evolution, there is one fundamental
difference. Invertebrates do not have backbones. Both groups are in the Kingdom
Animalia, but their bodies are organized differently.
167 Pages
1132 Views
1 Downloads
2.95 MB
RECREATIONAL GUIDING KNEC NOTES
The historical development of recreational centers in Kenya is closely tied to the country's social, economic, and political changes over the years. Recreational centers play a crucial role in providing spaces for leisure, sports, and cultural activities, contributing to the overall well-being of the population.
49 Pages
1278 Views
2 Downloads
183.34 KB
HUMAN AND PUBLIC RELATIONS KNEC NOTES
Human relations refer to the interactions among individuals in a group setting, encompassing their behaviors, attitudes, and communication patterns. It emphasizes understanding and managing interpersonal relationships effectively.
49 Pages
978 Views
2 Downloads
290.28 KB
CULTURAL TOURISM KNEC NOTES
Cultural tourism is a type of tourism activity in which the visitor’s essential motivation is to learn, discover, experience and consume the tangible and intangible cultural attractions/products in a tourism destination. These attractions/products relate to a set of distinctive material, intellectual, spiritual and emotional features of a society that encompasses arts and architecture, historical and cultural heritage, culinary heritage, literature, music, creative industries and the living cultures with their lifestyles, value systems, beliefs and traditions.
58 Pages
1043 Views
2 Downloads
199.6 KB
ASTRONOMY KNEC NOTES
Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial objects — e.g. Planets, Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe as a whole. It encompasses the study of everything outside the Earth's atmosphere. The name derives from the greek words astronomy. ("star") and nomos ("law")
67 Pages
802 Views
1 Downloads
439.33 KB
DIGITAL LITERACY KNEC NOTES FOR LEVEL 5 & 6
Digital literacy is siginificant to TVET level 5 and 6 curriculum due to the critical
role that technology plays in societal and industrial growth. Digital literacy has also
gained recognition as a valuable tool for lifelong learning and collaboration in this global
village.
65 Pages
1532 Views
6 Downloads
335.27 KB
Digital Literacy KNEC Notes Level 6
This document provides information about digital literacy and demonstrates digital literacy as a unit of competency for TVET level 6 qualifications. It covers identifying and using digital devices, computers, software, and the internet for work purposes. The unit aims to teach security measures, word processing, spreadsheets, emerging ICT issues, and laws regarding data protection. It includes six learning outcomes to demonstrate skills and apply knowledge related to identifying hardware and software, security measures, software use, internet/email use, and desktop publishing.
49 Pages
1215 Views
0 Downloads
700.63 KB
Fire Fighting Notes; Classes of Fire
There are four main classes of fire: Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids), Class C (energized electrical equipment), and Class D (combustible metals). Fire requires fuel, oxygen, and heat in order to occur through a chemical reaction. It is important to use the proper type of fire extinguisher depending on the class of fire.
12 Pages
1156 Views
0 Downloads
423.36 KB
KNEC DIPLOMA LIFE SKILLS LECTURE NOTES
Elevate your studies with the KNEC Diploma Life Skills Lecture Notes – a comprehensive guide designed to equip students with essential knowledge and practical skills. Clear, well-structured, and exam-focused, these notes simplify learning, enhance understanding, and prepare you for both academic success and real-life application. A must-have resource!
233 Pages
1097 Views
0 Downloads
11.05 MB
Cadastral Survey
A cadastral survey (also called a property survey or land boundary survey) is a detailed
mapping and demarcation of land parcels to establish legal boundaries, ownership rights, and
land tenure. It is a fundamental component of land administration systems worldwide.
1. Key Purposes of a Cadastral Survey
• Define property boundaries (prevents land disputes).
• Support land registration & titling (legal proof of ownership).
• Facilitate land transactions (sales, leases, mortgages).
• Aid urban planning & taxation (zoning, property taxes).
• Resolve conflicts between neighboring landowners.
11 Pages
241 Views
0 Downloads
3.96 MB