Neatly arranged notes in order covering the whole unit of Land Law

Semantics and pragmatics overlap in their scope as they both deal with the meaning of linguistic expressions. Before defining the terms, it is worth examining historical issues. Charles Morris (1903-1979) studied the science of signs (semiotics) and distinguished three branches of this field

Ebook: Love and lies story between Celline and Jeremy.

a) Define the following terms explaining their meaning i) Business Intelligence [2 marks] ii) Data Warehouse [2 marks] iii) Data Mining [2 marks] iv) Decision Tree [2 marks] v) Web Mining [2 marks] b) Using appropriate diagrams, describe the Business Intelligence data processing chain. [6 marks] c) What are the key elements of a data warehouse? Describe each. [8 Marks]

Provide an explanation of each of below; i) Business Intelligence [2 marks] ii) By giving example explain what is business knowledge [2 marks] iii) Decision Support System(DSS) [2 marks] b) The logistics manager of a manufacturing company wishes to develop a medium-term logistic-production plan. This is a decision-making process of high complexity which includes, among other choices, the allocation of the demand originating from different market areas to the production sites, the procurement of raw materials and purchased parts from suppliers, the production planning of the plants and the distribution of end products to market areas. Describe three benefits of using that the logistics manager will get in using BI tools. [6 marks]

Q1. a) Define the following terms used in business intelligence: i. Business intelligence: Business intelligence (BI) refers to technologies, applications, and practices for the collection, integration, analysis, and presentation of business information. It enables organizations to make informed business decisions [1]. ii. Data warehouse: A data warehouse is a large, centralized repository of data that is used for reporting and data analysis. It is designed to support business intelligence activities and decision-making processes [1]. iii. Data mart: A data mart is a subset of a data warehouse that is tailored to the needs of a specific department or group within an organization. It contains data relevant to a particular subject area or business process [1]. iv. Knowledge discovery: Knowledge discovery in data mining is the process of exploring and analyzing large amounts of data to discover significant patterns, rules, and insights. It helps in finding knowledge from raw, unprocessed data [15].

Q1. a) Identify and explain the FIVE components of a data communications system. (5 Marks) b) Name the FOUR basic network topologies, and cite an advantage of each type. (8 Marks) c) Differentiate between half-duplex and full-duplex transmission modes.(2 Marks) d) Using a well labeled diagram, discuss the Internet model. Note: Your answer should include the names of all the layers, the functions of each layer and at least TWO protocols implemented at each layer. (15 Marks) Q2. a) Name any TWO services provided by the application layer in the Internet model. (2 Marks) b) The terms listed below are associated with electronic signals in data communications: i) Period ii) Frequency iii) phase i) With the help of a diagram, explain what the above terms refer to (3 Marks) ii) What does each of the above measure? (3 Marks)

Briefly explain what you understand by the term Computer Architecture (2 Marks) b) Gordon Moore the Co- founder of Intel came up with a law about the number of transistors on a single chip. State Moore’s law (2 Marks) c) Briefly explain what you understand by the term program (2 Marks) d) Give a brief description of atleast two functions of a computer (2 Marks) e) Write short notes on cache memory (2 Marks) f) Write short notes on atleast two input and two output devices (4 Marks) g) Give a brief description of the following terms in relation to Computer Architecture i) Data ii) Arithmetic Logic Unit iii) Central Processing Unit iv) Read Only Memory v) Computer Organization (10 Marks)

Q1 (a) Define the term Computer Graphics as stated by William Fetter. (4 marks) (b) Computer graphics is an automated detailed pipeline. Explain. (12 marks) (c) Discuss any six differences between canvas graphics and SVG graphics. ( 6 marks) (d) Discuss any eight canvas composite types that can be used to create more complicated graphics. ( 8 marks) Q2 a) Define the term pixel. Explain its significance in computer graphics. ( 6 marks) b) Discuss three different ways of specifying colors inn Canvas graphics. ( 6 marks) c) Explain how the graphics subsystem works including management of display problems that may arise ( 8 marks) Q3 a) Below is a table showing different graphics that can be drawn using either canvas graphics or svg graphics. Write the corresponding code for each technology

Write a structured C program with an algorithm to Swap two numbers using third variables and execute the code on the code blocks. (5 marks) ii) Create an executable structured code to delete an element between two items. (5 marks) b) Discuss THREE basic primary operations of a Graph. (6 marks) c) Define the following terms: i) Queue (2 marks) ii) State and explain THREE time complexities (3 marks) iii) Below is call the function findIndex with array and number to be searched.