ULTRASONIC AND VOICE BASED WALKING STICK FOR BLIND PEOPLE diploma in medical engineering ABSTRACT In order to help the visually challenged people, a study that helps those people to walk more confidently is proposed. The study hypothesizes a smart walking stick that alerts visually-impaired people over obstacles, and fire, water in front could help them in walking with less accident. It outlines a better navigational tool for the visually impaired. It consists of a simple walking stick equipped with sensors to give information about the environment. GPS technology is integrated with pre-programmed locations to determine the optimal route to be taken. The user can choose the location from the set of destinations stored in the memory and will lead in the correct direction of the stick. In this system, ultrasonic sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, GPS receiver, vibrator, voice synthesizer, speaker or headphone, PIC controller and battery are used. The overall aim of the device is to provide a convenient and safe method for the blind to overcome their difficulties in daily life. The Blindness is frequently used to describe severe visual impairments with or without residual vision. The application of ultrasonic ranging scheme for producing electronic walking stick for the blind is a technological advancement. There is a great dependency for any type of movement or walking within area or out of the particular area, they use only their natural senses such as touch or sound for identification or walking. To overcome all these problems of blind people, we are developing a project by using simple available technologies. This walking stick for blind people has multiple sensors, with the help of which it has been possible to enhance more features to the walking stick. The features are to detect the obstacle for collision avoidance, it detects the object in directions up, down and front. The other sensor placed near bottom tip of the walking cane to find the pits on the ground. We integrate these sensors to the voice record and play chip. In this project, sensors play a key role to detect the objects in all directions and thus help blind people to be independent

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