Architectural and Structural Design of a G+3 commercial Building- Building and Civil engineering project

Institution Kimathi Institute of Technology
Course Building and Civil e...
Year 3rd Year
Semester Unknown
Posted By MAKORI KERECHA
File Type docx
Pages
File Size 5.27 MB
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Description

This project presents a detailed study titled "Architectural and Structural Design of a G+3 commercial Building: Case Study of Kisii Central district" The study focuses on a G+3 commercial building at Kisii Central station that measure 207,775m x 158,64m, comprising essential features like balconies, agency office, restaurant, shops, bus parking, kitchens, bathroom, offices. Each floor stands at a height of 4 m. The structural analysis employed fundamental civil engineering principles to meticulously design key elements, including beams, slabs, columns, foundations, and stairs. Longitudinal beams, with a depth of 500 mm, width of 200 mm, and a flange width of 907 mm, utilized Ø16 mm reinforcement bars at both top and bottom. Slabs were diversified into three types (continuous and discontinuous), each with a 25 cm thickness and reinforced with Ø12 mm bars. Columns incorporated Ø25 mm bars with Ø8 mm links at 144 mm center to center. Foundation design adhered to a bearing capacity (Pb= 350 KN/m2), resulting in foundations measuring 1500*1500*500 mm, reinforced primarily with Ø20 mm bars. Stairs facilitating interfloor access were crafted with a 265 mm going, 180 mm riser, 200 cm flight height, and a pitch of 32.530. Reinforcement comprised Ø16 mm bars at the bottom and Ø8 mm bars at the top. This dissertation offers a comprehensive exploration of the structural intricacies involved in designing a G+3 commercial building. Through meticulous analysis and design, it provides valuable insights into construction practices, particularly within the unique context of Kisii Central district.
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FACTORS INFLUENCING LOAN PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA-BUSINESS RESEARCH PROJECT
The banking sector is a key source of funding for most businesses. Improved loans portfolio management leads to high performance in functions and activities of an organization. It has an effect on total economy of the country and activities of all organizations. Commercial banks use various avenues to generate their income. Loans disbursed to customer are among many other avenues that are used to generate revenue. However, not all loans disbursed are serviced by debtors. Defaulted loans are on the increase in most Financial Institutions and this causes the banks not to meet their obligation of wealthy maximization. The study therefore sought to investigate factors influencing Loans Portfolio Performance in Commercial Banks of Kenya. Specific objectives were; to establish influence of Credit Management, to determine the influence of Unsecured Loans, to evaluate the effect of Repayment Characteristics and finally to analyze the influence of Technological advancement on loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Descriptive research design was used. Data collection was sought from Commercial Banks Headquarters in Nairobi. The study was based on census approach as it focused on all the commercial banks listed on Nairobi Security Exchange (NSE), Kenya. For each commercial bank listed, 5 respondents were sought and this provided 55 respondents. The study employed both secondary and primary data. Instruments used to collect data were questionnaires, financial reports of Central Bank of Kenya website and Kenya Bankers Association journals. The analysis of tabulated data employed descriptive statistics correlation and regression with the use of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The conclusion from the findings indicates that employing proper Credit Management has affirmative and considerable influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Unsecured Loans has a significant and positive impact on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Further it was revealed that employing proper evaluation of Repayment Characteristics has significant and positive influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya and that Technological Advancement has significant and positive influence on Loans Portfolio Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Recommendation of the study is that commercial banks should ensure they adopt sound Polices review, carry out proper client functioning credit management department. Further it is recommended that commercial banks should engage more feasible loan security measures intended to lessen loan delinquency ratios which can subsequently encourage positive customer performance.
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