Statistics

Institution Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology
Course Information Technol...
Year 2nd Year
Semester Unknown
Posted By Jeff Odhiambo
File Type pdf
Pages 121 Pages
File Size 2.15 MB
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Description

Statistics is the branch of mathematics that involves the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. It provides tools and methods to summarize data, identify patterns, and draw meaningful conclusions, often under conditions of uncertainty. By using statistical techniques, researchers can make informed decisions, test hypotheses, and predict future trends. Statistics is broadly divided into two areas: descriptive statistics, which focuses on summarizing and visualizing data, and inferential statistics, which uses sample data to make generalizations or predictions about a larger population. It plays a critical role in various fields, including science, business, healthcare, and social sciences.
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DAF1101 BUSINESS STATISTICS I
Business statistics is the science of good decision-making in the face of uncertainty and is used in many disciplines such as financial analysis, econometrics, auditing, production, and operations including services improvement, and marketing research. 1.2 Uses of Statistics a) To present the data in a concise and definite form: Statistics helps in classifying and tabulating raw data for processing and further tabulation for end users. b) To make it easy to understand complex and large data: This is done by presenting the data in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams, etc., or by condensing the data with the help of means, dispersion, etc. c) For comparison: Tables, measures of means, and dispersion can help in comparing different sets of data. d) In forming policies: It helps in forming policies like a production schedule, based on the relevant sales figures. It is used in forecasting future demands. e) Enlarging individual experiences: Complex problems can be well understood by statistics, as the conclusions drawn by an individual are more definite and precise than mere statements of facts. f) In measuring the magnitude of a phenomenon:- Statistics has made it possible to count the population of a country, the industrial growth, the agricultural growth, the educational level (of course in numbers) 1.3 Limitations of Statistics 1. Statistics does not deal with individual measurements. Since statistics deals with aggregates of facts, it cannot be used to study the changes that have taken place in individual cases. For example, the wages earned by a single industry worker at any time, taken by itself is not a statistical datum. However, the wages of workers in that industry can be used statistically. Similarly, the marks obtained by Kamau of your class or the height of Atieno (also of your class) are not the subject matter of statistical study. But the average marks or the average height of your class has statistical relevance.
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