BIOLOGY NOTES FORM 1-4
| Institution | Secondary |
| Course | BIOLOGY |
| Year | 4th Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | Brian Mike |
| File Type | |
| Pages | 412 Pages |
| File Size | 15.04 MB |
| Views | 25100 |
| Downloads | 47 |
| Price: |
Buy Now
 Buy via
whatsapp
|
Description
UPDATED BIOLOGY NOTES FORM 1-4
Below is the document preview.
SPH 302 LESSON 3: The first law of thermodynamics
Trending!
When a system changes from a given initial state to a given final state, both the work W and the heat Q depend on the nature of
the process. Experimentally, however, we find that the quantity Q – W is the same for all processes. It depends only on the initial and final states, and does not depend at all on how the system gets from one state to the other. All other combinations of Q and W, including Q alone, W alone, Q + W, and Q - 2W, are path dependent; only the quantity Q – W is not.
10 Pages
8087 Views
0 Downloads
507.88 KB
SPH 302 LESSON 4: Entropy and second law of thermodynamics
Trending!
One goal of physics is to understand why time has direction, and why one way processes are irreversible. Although this physics might seem disconnected from the practical issues of everyday life, it is in fact at the heart of any engine, such as a car engine, because it determines how well an engine can run.
12 Pages
8812 Views
0 Downloads
626.63 KB
DBA;OFFICE ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT NOTES
Trending!
The purpose of this unit or module is to equip the trainee or student with knowledge and skills to enable him or her apply Management techniques in any organization or institution. These notes can also be used in KNEC courses such as Certificate in Human Resource Management Module 1, Diploma in Secretarial Studies, Diploma in Business Administration, Diploma in Human Resource Management Module 1, Diploma in Personnel Management , Diploma in Secretarial Duties Module 3 that share this common unit in business related courses
29 Pages
14507 Views
11 Downloads
449.08 KB
SPH 302 LESSON 5: Heat engines and the Carnot cycle
Trending!
A heat engine, or more simply, an engine, is a device that extracts energy from its environment in the form of heat and does useful work. At the heart of every engine is a working substance. In a steam engine, the working substance is water, in both its vapor and its liquid form. In an automobile engine, the working substance is a gasoline–air mixture. If an engine is to do work
on a sustained basis, the working substance must operate in a cycle; that is, the working substance must pass through a closed
series of thermodynamic processes, called strokes, returning again and again to each state in its cycle.
12 Pages
8135 Views
0 Downloads
464.06 KB
SPH 302 LESSON 6: Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy
Trending!
Gibbs free energy, also known as the Gibbs function, Gibbs energy, or free enthalpy, is a quantity that is used to measure the
maximum amount of work done in a thermodynamic system when the temperature and pressure are kept constant. Gibbs free
energy is denoted by the symbol ‘G’. Its value is usually expressed in Joules or Kilojoules.
8 Pages
8327 Views
1 Downloads
254.21 KB
SPH 302 LESSON 7: Thermodynamic potentials
Trending!
Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that, together with the corresponding equations of state, describe the equilibrium
behavior of a system as a function of so-called “natural variables”. The natural variables are a set of appropriate variables that
allow to compute other state functions by partial differentiation of the thermodynamic potentials.
8 Pages
8960 Views
0 Downloads
353.61 KB
SPH 302 LESSON 8: Equillibrium between phases
Trending!
The generic phase diagram of a substance in the P-T coordinates is shown in figure 8.1a and b. Every point of this diagram is an equilibrium state. Different states of the system in equilibrium are called phases. The lines dividing different phases are called the coexistence curves. Along these curves, the phases coexist in equilibrium, and the system is macroscopically inhomogeneous. All three coexistence curves can meet at the triple point.
9 Pages
8795 Views
0 Downloads
410.04 KB
UCI 301 LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Trending!
Projects are a group of activities that have to be performed with limited resources to yield specific objectives, in a specific time, and in a specific locality. Thus, a project is a
temporary endeavor employed to create a unique product, service or results. Projects are an investment on which resources are used to create assets that will produce benefits over an expanded period of time.
2 Pages
8092 Views
0 Downloads
351.74 KB
UCI 301 LESSON 2: PROJECT LIFECYCLE
Trending!
Good project management deals with three factors: time, cost and performance. Projects are successful if they are completed on time, within budget, and to performance requirements. In order to bring the many components of a large project into control there is a large toolkit of techniques, methodologies, and tools.
8 Pages
6798 Views
1 Downloads
681.69 KB
UCI 301 LESSON 3: PROJECT PLANING
Trending!
Project planning defines the project activities and deliverables that will be performed and describes how the activities will be accomplished. The purpose of project planning is to define each major task, estimate the time and resources required and provided a framework management review and control.
10 Pages
6862 Views
1 Downloads
548.08 KB