A function is a relation from a set of inputs to a set of possible outputs where each input is related to exactly one output. This means that if the object x is in the set of inputs (called the domain) then a function f will map the object x to exactly one object y=f(x) in the set of possible outputs (called the codomain). Analogously, a function can be viewed as a machine whose row material is its input and the final product is output. In addition to f(x), other abbreviated symbols such as g(x) and P(x) are often used to represent functions of the independent variable x, especially when the nature of the function is unknown or unspecified.

Alkyl halides are organic molecules containing a halogen atom bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Alkyl halides are classified as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°), depending on the number of carbons bonded to the carbon with the halogen atom

In physics we deal with physical quantities which are usually quantified by measuring. The process of measuring involves assigning a number to a physical quantity by comparing it with a standard. The standard quantity is called unit and used to measure the given physical quantity. For instance when we say the length is 5 m, it means the standard used is one meter ( 1 m) and the length is 5 times of the standard length. A standard adopted as a unit should have the following features: i) It must be universally acceptable and of reasonable size. ii) Its magnitude must be definite and definable iii) Its magnitude should not change with time, temperature and pressure i.e. it should be invariable and iv) It should be reproducible.

The purpose of this business studies simplified notes is to equip the student or trainee with knowledge and skills to enable him or her understand this subject in an easy way.

Development is a progressive series of qualitative changes that occur in a predictable pattern as a result of the interaction between biological and environmental factors. It is a unique kind of change that is cumulative and occurs over time in a social context. For example language use, thought processing, reading skills, and peer relationships.

Organisms need rigid framework to support their bodies/ weight off the ground and maintain their shape. In animal this function is performed by skeleton while in plants is by variety of supportive tissues. Movement is displacement of part of organism Locomotion is displacement of whole organism’s body.

To focus on a near object, the cilliary muscles contract thereby relaxing the tension on the suspensory ligaments. This leads to increase in the curvature of the lens. The light rays aresufficiently refracted and brought to focus on the retina.

This course broadly introduces students to the discipline of Political Science. More specifically, the course explores basic concepts in politics, theories and ideologies, configurations of the state and government, and the institutional frameworks of politics.

This course introduces you to the grammar of the English Language. It begins with and identification and classification of the words of the English Language. It then explain how the words of the language interact and combine to form larger structures, such as phrases which in turn combine to form clauses. The clause is the unit used by a speaker to express thoughts and thus clearly communicate with other people. This course introduces you the basic structure of the English language clause and how it can be used to communicate thoughts in different styles.

This module provides a view of psychology as a science. It introduces key scientific concepts that can be used in application of psychological principles to conduct experiments about cause and effect of behavior.