Wired LANs are expensive and lack mobility. The increasing demand for portability and mobility requires wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies. WLAN is now the most cost-efficient and convenient network access mode. This course introduces the development of WLAN in different phases, concepts related to WLAN technologies, implementation and basic configurations of common WLAN networking architectures, and WLAN development trends.

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As economic globalization and digital transformation accelerate, enterprises keep expanding their scales. More and more branches locate in different regions, with each branch network being considered as a local area network (LAN). The headquarters and branches need to cross geographical locations to communicate with each other. To better carry out services, an enterprise needs to connect these geographically dispersed branches through a wide area network (WAN). The development of the WAN technologies is accompanied by the continuously increased bandwidth.In the early stage, X.25 provided only the bandwidth of 64 kbit/s. Later, the digital data network (DDN) and Frame Relay (FR) increased the bandwidth to 2 Mbit/s. Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) further increased the bandwidth to 10 Gbit/s. Now, the current IP-based WANs provide 10 Gbit/s or even higher bandwidth. This course describes the development history of WAN technologies, especially the implementations and configurations of Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE).

The ever expanding network and increasing network devices present a significant challenge in managing networks effectively and providing high-quality network services. There are many network management and O&M methods, of which this course describes some of the most common.

In the 1980s, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) released RFC 791 – Internet Protocol, which marks the standardization of IPv4. In the following decades, IPv4 has become one of the most popular protocols. Numerous people have developed various applications based on IPv4 and made various supplements and enhancements to IPv4, enabling the Internet to flourish. However, with the expansion of the Internet and the development of new technologies such as 5G and Internet of Things (IoT), IPv4 faces more and more challenges. It is imperative to replace IPv4 with IPv6. This course describes the reasons for IPv4-to-IPv6 transition and basic IPv6 knowledge.

The open ecosystem of the computing industry brings booming development of multiple fields, such as Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS), operating system, virtualization, middleware, cloud computing, and software applications. The network industry is also seeking transformation and development. Software. Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) are mainly used. This course aims to help engineers understand the development of SDN and NFV and introduce Huawei SDN and NFV solutions.

New protocols, technologies, and delivery and O&M modes are emerging in the network engineering field. Conventional networks face challenges from new connection requirements, such as requirements for cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI). Enterprises are also pursuing service agility, flexibility, and elasticity. Against this backdrop, network automation becomes increasingly important. Network programmability and automation is to simplify network configuration, management, monitoring, and operations for engineers and improve deployment and O&M efficiency. This course is to help network engineers understand Python programming and implement network automation.

A broad range of places, such as campuses, office spaces, and shopping malls, are covered by networks. You can access internal resources of your school, access internal printers of your company to print documents, or access the Internet to browse news through the networks. These networks belong to campus networks and are generally constructed by enterprises or organizations. Campus networks not only improve the operational efficiency of enterprises, but also provide network access services for external users.This chapter describes the basic architecture of a campus network and details how to build a campus network.

SZL 211: HIV/AIDS JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY revision past paper YEAR ONE EXAMINATION FOR DISTANCE LEARNING STUDENTS

General introduction: Public health and hygiene, human reproductive system, sex and sexuality. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); History of Human Immunodeciency virus/ Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome(HIV/AIDS), Comparative information on trends, global and local distribution, Justification of importance of course. Biology of HIV/AIDS; Overview of immune system, natural immunity to HIV/AIDS. The AIDS virus and its life cycle, disease progression, transmission and diagnosis. Discordant couples. Treatment and Management; nutrition, prevention and control; Abstain, Be faithful, Condom use, Destigmatize HIV/AIDS (ABCD) methods and an-tiretroviral drugs and vaccines. Pregnancy and AIDS. Management of HIV/AIDS patients. Social and cultural practices: Religion and AIDS. Social stigma on HIV/AIDS. Behavioral change. Voluntary Counseling and Testing Services. Gender and HIV/AIDS. Drug and alcohol abuse and HIV/AIDS. Poverty and AIDS. Families and AIDS orphans. Government policies: Global policies of AIDS. Legal rights of AIDS patients. AIDS Impact: Family /society setup, population, agriculture, education, health, industry, development, economy and other sectors.