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09 STP Principles and Configuration
| Institution | Huawei - JKUAT |
| Course | Information Technolo... |
| Year | 3rd Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | Jeff Odhiambo |
| File Type | |
| Pages | 60 Pages |
| File Size | 1.37 MB |
| Views | 3062 |
| Downloads | 1 |
| Price: |
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Description
On an Ethernet switching network, redundant links are used to implement link backup and enhance network reliability. However, the use of redundant links may produce loops, leading to broadcast storms and an unstable MAC address table. As a result, communication on the network may deteriorate or even be interrupted. To prevent loops, IEEE introduced the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP).
Devices running STP exchange STP Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) to discover loops on the network and block appropriate ports. This enables a ring topology to be trimmed into a loop-free tree topology, preventing infinite looping of packets and ensuring packet processing capabilities of devices.
IEEE introduced the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to improve the network
convergence speed.
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Transfer of cases
Transfer of cases deals with the shifting of a case from one court to another or from one magistrate to another. The main reason for the provisions on the transfer of cases in the Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 75, Laws of Kenya) (the “CPC”) from one court to another are aimed at securing public confidence in the independence and integrity of the court and meeting the ends of justice .
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TRANSFER OF CASES NOTES
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Sections 78-81 of the CPC makes provision for the transfer of cases from one
court to another – these powers are exercised by the High court of magistrate of
first class jurisdiction.
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PREPARATION OF CASE FILES
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It is the duty of the prosecution to prove a case beyond any reasonable doubt the
burden of proof in criminal cases lies entirely with the prosecution it is therefore
be vital for them to prepare their files well before hand. Further, the defence will
be seeking to counter the prosecution and therefore both need to have adequate
preparation of files to win their case.
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TRIAL ADVOCACY: COURT ETIQUETTE
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Courtroom etiquette is also good ethical conduct. Etiquette is essential for making a good impression. This is especially true for the courtroom advocate and attendees. Over the centuries, the English court system established numerous customs. These customs are not arbitrary and can be summed up into one simple point: Consideration and reverence for the welfares and concerns of all parties
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TRIAL ADVOCACY LECTURE NOTES
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A trial advocate owes certain duties to the persons they interact with in the course of the trial, i.e. the client, the court etc.
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SAMPLE ORAL QUESTIONS FOR ATP
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Parliamentary and county elections are heard by the high court as stated in Article 165(3)(a) and the Resident Magistrate Court as stated in section 75 of the Elections Act.
57 Pages
4022 Views
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ATP 105: PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND PRACTICE
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At the end of the course. the students should be able to appreciate the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of professional ethics. Additionally, the learners should exhibit a practical appreciation of professional ethics in the advancement of justice, the rule of law, and constitutionalism.
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BUCU004: ENTREPRENUERSHIP
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In this chapter we shall discuss concept of entrepreneurship and innovation, evolution
of entrepreneurship in Kenya, the concept of entrepreneurship culture, the
entrepreneurial cultural practices in Kenya, various theories of entrepreneurship and
the role of entrepreneurship in economic development.
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NOTES
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A computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts raw data as input and processes it with a set ofinstructions (a program) to produce the result as output. It renders output just after performing mathematical and logical operations and can save the output for future use. It can process numerical as well as non-numerical calculations.
56 Pages
3291 Views
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HPS 2101: PRINCIPLES OF PROCUREMENT
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Procurement means the acquisition by purchase, rental, lease, hire purchase, license, tenancy, franchise, or by any other contractual means of any type of works, assets, services or goods including livestock or any combination (PPDA, 2005).
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