GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION (G.B.C) MODULE I
| Institution | TVET |
| Course | DIPLOMA IN CIVIL EN... |
| Year | 1st Year |
| Semester | Unknown |
| Posted By | stephen oyake rabilo |
| File Type | |
| Pages | 81 Pages |
| File Size | 1.4 MB |
| Views | 4938 |
| Downloads | 4 |
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Description
HISTORY OF BUILDING
Introduction
Evolution of built envelopment
Building construction is the art of providing shelter to human being. It is the oldest industry
which started with the existence of man. This is because man had to protect himself from
atmospheric inconveniences such as rain, wind, sunshine, snow etc.
The first pre historic man who lived during Stone Age lived in caves which were either
excavated on stone or on firm grounds. The excavation tools being sharp stones or sharpened
pieces of wood.
As man continued to become more civilized there came to existence of constructed shelters such
as traditional grass thatched houses with mud walls e.g. maasai manyattas, the Eskimo igloos etc.
Today we have modern construction technology in building industry with very much diversified
fields such as:-
- Masonry / concreting
- Plumbing / drainage works
- Carpentry / joinery
- Painting
- Electrical works
- Air conditioning
- Gases installation
- Tilling
Below is the document preview.
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTHROPODS
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Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Trilobita (Trilobitomorpha): trilobites (extinct)
Subphylum Chelicerata: chelicerates
Class Merostomata: horseshoe crabs
Class Pycnogonida: sea spiders
Class Arachnida: spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, etc.
Subphylum Crustacea: crustaceans
Class Malacostraca (orders: Isopoda, Amphipoda,
Decapoda and Stomatopoda)
Class Branchiopoda: brine shrimp, water fleas (Daphnia)
Class Copepoda:copepods
Class Cirripedia: barnacles
Class Ostracoda: seed shrimps
Subphylum Uniramia: uniramians
Class Diplopoda: millipedes
Class Chilopoda: centipedes
Class Pauropoda: pauropods
Class Symphyla: symphylans
Class Insecta: insects --- (subphylum Hexapoda
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Identification; assigning a plant to a particular group
The identification of plant specimen is its determination of being identical
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A character is any property of plant that can be used to record similarities
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Identification characters are divided into two:
Endormophic characters – internal features used for identification
palynology; anatomy; cytology; phytochemicals; genotypes/semantids
Exomorphic characters- external features used for identification
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THE ACARI (ticks & mites)
One of the largest, highly diverse and
widely distributed groups in the animal
kingdom
Very abundant - numbers extremely high
(more than 60,000 described species
(with an estimated 500,000 more still
undescribed)
Habitat - both aquatic and terrestrial
(many free-living & parasitic)
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Sitting in a shop in Tehran, Iran, the Persian rug depicted an ancient forest.
Beautifully done, it re-created a scene in Switzerland: mountains, a waterfalls, a turquoise lake, forested hillsides, and an expansive blue sky dotted
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