Exam Paper

Download questions and answers to the unit Ethical Hacking and be a head of others with elaborative answers . Q1. a) Define the following terms as used in Ethical Hacking (5 Marks) i) Hacking - Hacking refers to the unauthorized access or manipulation of computer systems, networks, or data. ii) Ethical Hacking - Ethical Hacking involves the authorized use of hacking techniques to identify and fix vulnerabilities in systems to prevent unauthorized access or data breaches. iii) Ping Sweep - Ping Sweep is a technique used to identify active devices on a network by sending ICMP echo requests (pings) to a range of IP addresses and waiting for responses. iv) Inverse TCP Flag Scanning - Inverse TCP Flag Scanning is a technique used to identify systems that are not vulnerable to certain types of attacks by exploiting the TCP protocol's behavior.

Q1. a) The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used to design, develop, test, and maintain software applications. It consists of several stages including planning, analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance. During each stage, the development team performs various activities such as gathering requirements, creating a design, coding, testing, and documenting the software. b) Two important documents in software engineering process are: Software Requirements Specification (SRS): It is a document that captures the requirements for a software application. It includes details such as user requirements, functional requirements, performance requirements, and other specifications. Software Design Document (SDD): It is a document that describes the architecture, design, and implementation details of a software application. It includes details such as system architecture, data flow, user interface design, and other technical specifications.

Q1a. Explain any TWO advantages of sketching a proposed user interface as opposed to using a drawing program or building a prototype. (4 Marks) A: Two advantages of sketching a proposed user interface are that it is quick and inexpensive. Sketching allows for easy ideation and exploration of different design options without the need for specialized software or technical skills. It also provides an opportunity to get feedback early in the design process, helping to identify and address potential issues before investing significant resources in building a prototype.

Q1. a) Identify and explain the FIVE components of a data communications system. (5 Marks) b) Name the FOUR basic network topologies, and cite an advantage of each type. (8 Marks) c) Differentiate between half-duplex and full-duplex transmission modes.(2 Marks) d) Using a well labeled diagram, discuss the Internet model. Note: Your answer should include the names of all the layers, the functions of each layer and at least TWO protocols implemented at each layer. (15 Marks) Q2. a) Name any TWO services provided by the application layer in the Internet model. (2 Marks) b) The terms listed below are associated with electronic signals in data communications: i) Period ii) Frequency iii) phase i) With the help of a diagram, explain what the above terms refer to (3 Marks) ii) What does each of the above measure? (3 Marks)

Write a structured C program with an algorithm to Swap two numbers using third variables and execute the code on the code blocks. (5 marks) ii) Create an executable structured code to delete an element between two items. (5 marks) b) Discuss THREE basic primary operations of a Graph. (6 marks) c) Define the following terms: i) Queue (2 marks) ii) State and explain THREE time complexities (3 marks) iii) Below is call the function findIndex with array and number to be searched.

a) Define the following terms explaining their meaning i) Business Intelligence [2 marks] ii) Data Warehouse [2 marks] iii) Data Mining [2 marks] iv) Decision Tree [2 marks] v) Web Mining [2 marks] b) Using appropriate diagrams, describe the Business Intelligence data processing chain. [6 marks] c) What are the key elements of a data warehouse? Describe each. [8 Marks]